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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Yukawa coupling ： ウィキペディア英語版 Yukawa interaction In particle physics, Yukawa's interaction, named after Hideki Yukawa, is an interaction between a scalar field ϕ and a Dirac field ψ of the type :$V\; \backslash approx\; g\backslash bar\backslash psi\; \backslash phi\; \backslash psi$ (scalar) or $g\; \backslash bar\; \backslash psi\; i\backslash gamma^5\; \backslash phi\; \backslash psi$ (pseudoscalar). The Yukawa interaction can be used to describe the nuclear force between nucleons (which are fermions), mediated by pions (which are pseudoscalar mesons). The Yukawa interaction is also used in the Standard Model to describe the coupling between the Higgs field and massless quark and lepton fields (i.e., the fundamental fermion particles). Through spontaneous symmetry breaking, these fermions acquire a mass proportional to the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field. ==The action== The action for a meson field φ interacting with a Dirac baryon field ψ is : \mathcal_\mathrm(\psi) + \mathcal_\mathrm(\phi,\psi) \right ) where the integration is performed over ''d'' dimensions (typically 4 for four-dimensional spacetime). The meson Lagrangian is given by :$\backslash mathcal\_\backslash mathrm(\backslash phi)\; =$ \frac\partial^\mu \phi \partial_\mu \phi -V(\phi). Here, $V(\backslash phi)$ is a self-interaction term. For a free-field massive meson, one would have $V(\backslash phi)=\backslash frac\backslash mu^2\backslash phi^2$ where $\backslash mu$ is the mass for the meson. For a (renormalizable, polynomial) self-interacting field, one will have $V(\backslash phi)=\backslash frac\backslash mu^2\backslash phi^2\; +\; \backslash lambda\backslash phi^4$ where λ is a coupling constant. This potential is explored in detail in the article on the quartic interaction. The free-field Dirac Lagrangian is given by :$\backslash mathcal\_\backslash mathrm(\backslash psi)\; =$ \bar(i\partial\!\!\!/-m)\psi where ''m'' is the positive, real mass of the fermion. The Yukawa interaction term is :$\backslash mathcal\_\backslash mathrm(\backslash phi,\backslash psi)\; =\; -g\backslash bar\backslash psi\; \backslash phi\; \backslash psi$ where ''g'' is the (real) coupling constant for scalar mesons and :$\backslash mathcal\_\backslash mathrm(\backslash phi,\backslash psi)\; =\; -g\backslash bar\backslash psi\; i\backslash gamma^5\; \backslash phi\; \backslash psi$ for pseudoscalar mesons. Putting it all together one can write the above more explicitly as :$S()=\backslash int\; d^dx$ \left(\phi \partial_\mu \phi -V(\phi) + \bar(i\partial\!\!\!/-m)\psi -g \bar\phi\psi \right ). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yukawa interaction」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.